Major Exam#5 (1996) -- Renal Physiology
1. Which of the following changes would tend to increase reabsorption of fluid by the peritubular capillaries?
an increase in plasma colloid osmotic pressure in the peritubular capillaries
a decrease in filtration fraction
an increase in peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure
a decrease in efferent arteriolar resistance
All of the above are correct.
2. Which of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in urine osmolality?
increased osmolality of the medullary interstitial fluid
increased medullary blood flow
increased glucose reabsorption by proximal tubule
inhibition of sodium transport out of the ascending limb of Henle's loop
increased volume flow through the collecting ducts
3. Which of the following events would NOT be expected to decrease glomerular filtration rate?
urinary tract obstruction by renal stones
hyperalbuminemia (i.e., higher than normal serum albumin concentration)
decreased filtration coefficient (Kf ) secondary to glomerular disease
increased activity of the renal sympathetic nerves
volume expansion with an accompanying increase in arterial blood pressure
4. Ammonia produced by the kidneys comes mainly from:
glycine
glutamine
leucine
alanine
tyrosine
5. An increase in the osmolality of the extracellular fluid will result in:
increased stimulation of the volume and osmoreceptors, and decreased ADH secretion
decreased stimulation of the volume and osmoreceptors, and increased ADH secretion
decreased stimulation of the volume and osmoreceptors, and decreased ADH secretion
increased stimulation of the osmoreceptors, and increased ADH secretion
no change in ADH secretion